Quantum Teleportation Demo Using Dynamic Circuits
In the past, performing a quantum teleportation demo—transferring a quantum state from Alice to Bob on real hardware—required the process to be split. Alice would measure her qubits, the job would terminate, and Bob would then have to initiate a new quantum circuit based on those measurement results.
However, with the recent introduction of Qiskit’s Dynamic Circuit capabilities, this entire process can now be completed in a single job submission. This functionality makes it significantly easier to verify the transfer in real-time. Our experiments on the IBM Quantum Heron r2 hardware demonstrated that teleportation can be executed with remarkably high precision.
🟢 Teleportation via Dynamic Circuits
Figure 1 illustrates quantum teleportation utilizing dynamic circuits. Suppose Alice wants to transfer a quantum state created by applying an Ry(pi/3) gate to qubit q0. Note how the dynamic circuit uses Alice's measurement results to conditionally apply X and Z gates to Bob’s qubit via "if" statements.
At first glance, it might appear that Bob is not performing any measurements. If Bob were to perform an explicit measurement, we could determine the probability of the state being |0>, but the state would collapse, preventing further detailed analysis. To solve this, we utilize Qiskit’s StateTomography tool. Although not explicitly shown in the high-level circuit diagram, it performs internal measurements to reconstruct the density matrix, allowing us to calculate the exact fidelity of the transfer.
🟢 Verifying Transfer Fidelity via Density Matrices
The results of our fidelity analysis are shown in Figure 2. We conducted these experiments using ibm_torino (Heron r1) and ibm_marrakesh (Heron r2), both available under the IBM Quantum Open Plan.
Notably, on ibm_marrakesh, we achieved a fidelity of 0.97 between the state sent by Alice and the state received by Bob. This represents an extremely high level of agreement—one could say the teleportation was nearly perfect!
